You may not be familiar with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but it was previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition is often silent and affects nearly 1 in 3 Americans — and many don’t realize it.
NAFLD is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver. Its new name, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), better describes the conditions that cause the condition, like extra body weight or high blood sugar.
If the buildup of fat causes inflammation in the liver, the condition may be called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
That’s where hepatologists (liver specialists) like me usually come in. When the liver becomes inflamed from excess fat, it can cause scarring or cirrhosis, which can lead to liver cancer or liver failure.
Catching MASLD early can help. It gives you the chance to manage the conditions that cause it and prevent or delay serious complications. And it starts with understanding your individual risk factors and being aware of the possible warning signs. Here’s what I tell my patients about MASLD.
Know your risk for MASLD
MASLD is sometimes called a silent liver disease. That’s because it often doesn’t show symptoms, especially early on. If you have risk factors like extra body weight or high blood sugar, you can be proactive by talking with your doctor even if you feel completely normal. Together, you can decide if you should undergo tests for MASLD. These can include a blood test and imaging tests to examine your liver.
Certain health conditions can make you more likely to get MASLD. These include:
- Having excess weight, especially excess fat around the midsection
- High cholesterol
- High triglycerides
- Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes
- High blood pressure
Symptoms to watch for
Some people with MASLD or more serious complications may have symptoms. You should let your doctor know right away if you’re experiencing:
- Fatigue or weakness
- Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially on the right side
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Severe itching
- Swelling around the abdomen or ankles
- Confusion
Steps to protect your liver
There is now one FDA-approved medication to treat MASLD. However, lifestyle changes are your best ally. They can help keep your liver safe from damage. In some cases, they may be able to reverse mild damage (inflammation and scarring) that has already happened.
Lifestyle changes can also keep the condition from happening in the first place if you have MASLF risk factors.
Whether you’re trying to improve your liver health after an MASLD diagnosis or want to reduce your risk for the condition, here’s what can make a difference:
- Manage your risk factors. Talk with your doctor about how you can bring your weight, cholesterol, and blood sugar into a healthy range.
- Choose healthy foods. Focus on lean proteins, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, nuts, beans, healthy oils, and low-fat dairy products. Limit red meat and added sugars.
- Be active. Try to get some movement every day. If you’re not sure what types of activities are safe for you, talk with your doctor.
- Limit or avoid alcohol. That includes beer, wine, and spirits.
- Avoid unnecessary medications. Take only what you need and follow the dosing instructions.
Get more support
The right care team can help you make changes to keep your liver as healthy as possible. Here at Temple, our experts can guide you toward making lifestyle changes and help you control underlying conditions. Weight-loss treatments like bariatric surgery are another option. To find out more, call 800-TEMPLE-MED (800-836-7536) or request an appointment online.
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